The Management Challenges of Facebook as a Platform Case Study

The Management Challenges of Facebook as a Platform - Case Study Example In this way engineers incline toward Facebook to compose the application than on MySpace. Facebook has a one of a kind application territory which offers and advances the various applications from the engineers. To fortify this thought Facebook presented the viral infusion of News Feed which consequently spread the application once it was introduced by a client. This serious resource of Facebook spread the applications quickly coming about to which numerous engineers are pulled in towards the site for the most straightforward approach to spread their applications to the clients. Before long with this new idea, Facebook was considered as a stage for the little gathering programming engineers everywhere throughout the world. Scrabulous is a Facebook application created by two siblings Rajat and Jayant Agarwalla from Kolkata, India. It’s a Scrabble clone which permits the client to play online by welcoming companions or different clients. The application was an enormous accomplishment for the designer and was granted as the PC Worlds 100 best items in the year 2008 procuring around $ 25,000 every month from the promoting. Be that as it may, since the two siblings don’t have the copyright for Scrabble legitimately they are constrained by numerous players in the market like Electronic Arts and Real Networks to stop their application because of copyright issue and bolstered Scrabble to make an online variant for the game to contend to have the spot for Scrabulous. With more than 140 new applications included every day very nearly 95 percent of the clients have introduced at any rate one application. To give some examples Mafia Wars and Firm Villa is the most well known of all which pulled in a large number of client every day for its uniqueness in planning and intriguing social gaming strategy creating about $ 600 million yearly. The Facebook stage gave this alternate route way to progress for the designer.

Professional Development for Strategic Manager

Questions: For each person, it is important to have some close to home and expert aptitudes to improve their insight and to perform well in the association and in their day by day life. To distinguish or legitimize yourself, and to know where you stand, answer all the inquiries beneath identified with your expert advancement in the association where you are as of now working or acquainted with. 1.Identify the key objectives of the picked association and utilize proper techniques to assess your own abilities with respect to accomplishing key objectives of the picked association. 2.Based on conclusions/understanding about your own self, apply appropriate strategies to evaluate your expert abilities required which can bolster the key course of the picked association. 3.Conduct an aptitudes review to distinguish your present learning styles and apply proper procedures to recognize favored learning styles which suits you the best. Assess the vital aptitudes required for you to meet current and highlight administration necessities. 4.Based on your responses for the AC 2.1, build your very own advancement plan that meets the necessities of administration improvement. 5.Based on your own built self-improvement plan, utilize appropriate technique to survey the results of it against individual work goals. 6.Evaluate the effect of own learning against the accomplishment of vital objectives. Answers: Vital organization is the procedure where organization executes a game plan or method that grows the utilization of benefits for the benefit of the affiliation. Every now and again associations execute a course of action, yet disregard to execute a procedure that estimates execution on social occasion and achieving destinations. The key organization course of action should be used as a general arrangement of the direction of the affiliation, which fuses a key assessment, for instance, - SWOT (quality, inadequacies, openings and threats). Likewise powerful game plans should be versatile and imaginative with a particular ultimate objective to conform to complex fluid circumstances. Portray the Term STRATEGY The term Strategy is portrayed as a system by which an affiliation makes a plan or procedure that is proposed to deliver a positive end. Organization is portrayed as the relationship of approaches inside an endeavor centered around specific courses of action planned to accomplish communicated targets. Fuse the terms, crucial organization, and you make a method for separating internal (characteristics and inadequacies) and outside (conditions and threats) parts affecting the affiliation and give a framework to executing the strategy for the reasons of enhancing beneficial ends centered around communicated targets. Right when driving the Strategic examination either a characteristics or SWOT assessment is obliged depending upon the undertaking. What are the various structures and approaches for key administration? There are different structures and approaches for Strategic game plan and organization. While there is no out and out makes do regarding the benefit structure, most take after a similar model and have ordinary characteristics. Various frameworks push through some assortment on a couple of particularly crucial stages: 1) Investigation or assessment of Nestle, where the organization keep up the comprehension of the current inside and outside circumstances is created 2) Procedure plan, where irregular state arrangement of Nestle is made and a basic affiliation level imperative game plan is accounted for. 3) Method execution, where the irregular state course of action of settle is deciphered into progressively operational orchestrating and movement things. 4) Assessment or sustainment/organization phase of Nestle, where advancing refinement and appraisal of execution of different items, society, correspondences, data announcing, and other key organization issues occurs. What are the focuses vital directors should execute? Investigation of Nestle Right off the bat, Nestle Managers break down the entirety of its advantages, liabilities, limits, characteristics, and weaknesses to execute the arrangement. A SWOT examination is handled in requested to know the Strength and weaknesses of the association. Moreover, Nestle have an understanding of Core quality of its own. These feature its noteworthy characteristics, and help them to contemplate how they can isolate themselves from their adversaries. Dissect Environment By and by Nestle needs to take a gander at Its present workplace to predict where things are moving. They have exceptionally empowering open entryways of chances. Their future circumstances are likely in the business, and they have excellent workplace. Examine clients and partners Nestls procedure describes how they win and cultivator they will win in not so distant future, and winning is customarily enclosed by how well they satisfy their customers prerequisite. Settle is an income driven associations and this organization keep their customers and investors happy. One Strategy which Nestle follow is that they perceive their clients and partners. What their clients need? Moreover who are the key partners in their thriving? Break down contenders In standard income driven association, Nestle perceive how their things differentiation and contenders' things, and what their adversaries resembles HUL and other FMCG companys aptitudes are. Non-benefits, departmental gatherings and errands have contenders too. Settle causes various exercises and gatherings inside the workplace to follow money and various resources. Subsequently, Nestle show that they can incorporate regard, meet objectives, and help various leveled accomplishment. Settle likewise Identify some significant vital alternatives and do a great deal of conceptualize, it truly makes a difference. Continue searching for circumstance and be wary for dangers Nestls SWOT Analysis distinguishes a portion of the primary chances and dangers they face. Utilizing this as a beginning stage, conceptualize extra approaches to boost their chances, limit their dangers, or maybe even transform their dangers into circumstances. A basic deduction strategy for Nestle can in like manner help at this stage. For example, if you have to manufacture your shopper dependability assessments in an industry tormented by poor customer relations, your starting position are low satisfaction. Brainstorm why this is the circumstance, and make imperative options that would extend satisfaction. Continue assessing and upgrading your system plan for the best yield By this stage, Nestle have likely recognized an extent of incredible endeavors that they could run. They should now survey these to pick the best indispensable other options. Consider every elective they have recognized, anyway don't cause a last judgment until they to have completed their assessment. Start by evaluating each option in the light of the important parts they recognized in Stage 1. What do these let them think about each other option? With this evaluation complete, Nestle currently should pick the best essential other option or key other options, making without question that they don't pick such an assortment of decisions, that they spread their advantages too ineffectively. Checking their considerations for consistency with their Organization's Vision, Mission and Values, and redesign these if significant. It's not hard to ignore these segregating parts in the midst of key organizing, so ensure that what they have to win is something that helps towards the Companys extreme objective! Settle should Keep testing however ought to be intelligent while doing it! There's a ton of discussion, clashes and difference about the most ideal method of vital turn of events.

Updates from Admissions

Updates from Admissions For next years prospective applicants: This week, Im out on the road with admissions officers from Yale and Brown meeting with students, parents, and guidance counselors in the Mid-Atlantic states. Currently, Im in Moorestown, NJ, talking to students from South Jersey and Philadelphia. On our way to the venue, we saw a rainbow (just a single rainbow). Well be doing more travel together as a group to meet with prospective students. In July, well do three more trips with this group in the Northwest, the Mountain states, and the Midwest look for more information soon. For Mark Wahlberg fans: I dont know why, but actor (and former rapper) Mark Wahlberg was playing pickup basketball at MIT this week. For robot enthusiasts: Chris, Tiffany, and McGreggor are heading to Saint Louis for the FIRST Championship. FIRST is a pretty cool organization, co-founded by MIT professor Woodie Flowers PhD 72. Look for MIT on Scholarship Row. For AP testers: Good luck next week! For students on the waitlist: As I mentioned a few weeks ago, there wont be any waitlist news until early-mid May. As were still in late April, I dont have any news for you. I have no idea if well be going to the waitlist, and if so how many students we will take. If you are still interested in MIT, you should stay in contact with us. Drop us a note to the waitlist email address. Keep us up to date all the way through May 1 and beyond if you remain interested. For students still deciding on MIT: I wish you the best as we approach the deadline for making your college decision. If your lingering issue is a pending financial aid appeal (at MIT or one of your other choices), and you require time beyond the deadline to sort things out, you can request a financial aid extension of the deadline. Please let me know, in the comments or otherwise, if there is anything we can do to help you make your decision.

Updates from Admissions

Updates from Admissions For next years prospective applicants: This week, Im out on the road with admissions officers from Yale and Brown meeting with students, parents, and guidance counselors in the Mid-Atlantic states. Currently, Im in Moorestown, NJ, talking to students from South Jersey and Philadelphia. On our way to the venue, we saw a rainbow (just a single rainbow). Well be doing more travel together as a group to meet with prospective students. In July, well do three more trips with this group in the Northwest, the Mountain states, and the Midwest look for more information soon. For Mark Wahlberg fans: I dont know why, but actor (and former rapper) Mark Wahlberg was playing pickup basketball at MIT this week. For robot enthusiasts: Chris, Tiffany, and McGreggor are heading to Saint Louis for the FIRST Championship. FIRST is a pretty cool organization, co-founded by MIT professor Woodie Flowers PhD 72. Look for MIT on Scholarship Row. For AP testers: Good luck next week! For students on the waitlist: As I mentioned a few weeks ago, there wont be any waitlist news until early-mid May. As were still in late April, I dont have any news for you. I have no idea if well be going to the waitlist, and if so how many students we will take. If you are still interested in MIT, you should stay in contact with us. Drop us a note to the waitlist email address. Keep us up to date all the way through May 1 and beyond if you remain interested. For students still deciding on MIT: I wish you the best as we approach the deadline for making your college decision. If your lingering issue is a pending financial aid appeal (at MIT or one of your other choices), and you require time beyond the deadline to sort things out, you can request a financial aid extension of the deadline. Please let me know, in the comments or otherwise, if there is anything we can do to help you make your decision.

Failure Of The American Dream In The Writings Of F. Scott...

This literary study will define the failure of the †American Dream† in the writings of F. Scott Fitzgerald, Arthur Miller, Zora Neale Hurston, and August Wilson. Fitzgerald’s account of the Jay Gatsby s rise to fame in the 1920s defines the failure of financial success as part of the American Dream. Gatsby will eventually die due to his excessive greed, which is not unlike the emotional death of Willy Loman as he fails to become a successful salesman in Author Miller’s Death of a Salesman. More so, Hurston’s depiction of Nanny’s own failures in life by using her granddaughter, Janie, as vehicle for her own financial success. Nanny fails by forcing Janie into marriages with abusive men, which is very similar to the failure of the American†¦show more content†¦The tragedy of Gatsby’s life is that he may have attained the material fortunes of the American Dream, but he has failed to become a human being that can love and be loved b y those in the upper class community in which he lives. In the end, Gatsby ends up dead in his own pool at the hands of George Miller due to a misunderstanding about Gatsby’s alleged affair with Myrtle. This is an important aspect of the dangers of financial materialism that Arthur Miller also defines in the tragic failure of Wily Loman to achieve the American Dream. In Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman, Willy Loman is a an aging salesman that is unable to achieve the financial success related to the American Dream. Loman is an extremely greedy and miserly man that has failed to bring the great wealth and prosperity after many years of hard work. Unlike Gatsby, Loman has not achieved the material success of the American Dream, but he shares the similar failure to realize the value of friendships and familial love in his materialistic quest for financial wealth. In this perspective, Loman only views his son, Biff, as an â€Å"insurance policy† to bring the fin ancial success that he never achieved. In one family interaction, Loman chides Biff about getting a good job, so that he can â€Å"retire† from his job as a salesman: â€Å"You’ll retire me for life on seventy goddamn dollars a week?†

A Study On The Brazilian Performance - 2760 Words

The topic of emerging economies has been hot over the past decade or so, most notably the emergence of the group of countries known as the BRICS nations (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa). Growth rates in these economies far exceed that of more developed nations. In 2011-2013, BRICS economies posted average growth rates of 4.11% compared to 1.37% in developed economies (Lukov, 2010). By 2020 all BRICS should be in the top 10 largest economies in the world, and by 2050, they will be the most important economies, relegating America to the 6th largest economy in the world (The BRIC countries: Brazil, Russia, India and China, 2010). I have chosen to concentrate my study upon the Brazilian performance. I have chosen to do so as in†¦show more content†¦The method chosen to answer these questions, is a simple regression model. With this system, the determinants of GDP can be tested to see which variable has played the most significant role in increasing economic growth within Brazil. This then allows me to delve deeper into the reasoning behind the causation of the significant variable, scrutinizing government policy recent trends in the economy which may cause the variable to become most significant player in economic growth. Of course the other key variable of economic growth will not be ignored, and shall be analyzed alongside the key determinant. The variables upon which indicates economic growth are created using quantitative methods, as stated above, using various data from the WTO , the UK Data service, WDI and the IMF . By analyzing data between the time period 2000-2013 (latest available data), I aim to show the main causations of growth in Brazil, as ultimately growth occurs over time. Ultimately current and past policies will be analyzed and the effectiveness of these will be proven throughout the paper. [brief paragraph on findings] Following this introduction, I will undertake a critical literature review (section 3). Section 4 aims to prove why the current economic performance of Brazil and other members of the BRICS is an important topic. This will lead onto section 5 where I shall look at possible models the Brazilian government examined when setting growth

The Importance of Term Papers on Business

The Importance of Term Papers on Business Keywords play a significant part in a research manuscript. Writing is a present that comes naturally. Now you can purchase genuine college essay online, one that is going to fit your financial plan and get your work done also. Once you receive a work done from us you will return again if you need assistance with another one of your essays. The internet writing companies provide supportive writing services like editing, proofreading, and actual writing. As a consequence, such students start looking for the best essay help to make sure that their project is going to be produced at the maximal level in accord with all academic standards. If you can discover the official site of a trustworthy manufacturer, it is easy to find relevant details about the compactors and other products they sell and order online too. When you franchise a company, you get the rights to market and market another provider's products. In some markets, it's crucial for organizations to internationalize to stay informed about their competitors' prices. Tapping in the Power Papers all-English team, the busin ess offers clients professional services at inexpensive rates. Term Papers on Business - What Is It? The sort of essay you're looking for will be offered to you within the deadline provided to you. Thus, a firm which will compose my term paper ought to be fast enough to be certain I will satisfy the deadline. My theory is the fact that it's never truly superior to use voting. Therefore, for your convenience, you have a superb chance to monitor the advancement of the assigned writer and make sure an essay will be ready in a timely method. It's always simpler to write in the format that you're comfortable with. Think about different formats or kinds of papers there are, and the various types that you've written. Cite any resource material employed in finishing the paper. Use the company context to its fullest extent if you aren't writing about global corporation. Really it's about exposing the industry approach. By keeping up with the recent trends and understanding the challenges that you will need to face, having the ability to keep the company afloat and then becoming profitable is going to be a distinct possibility. There continue to be many business that most frequently happen in the building market. Starting a new company is risky, but franchising lets you build on the success of a present company. Imagine you have decided to produce your own small business venture. If you opt to franchise a present business model, that's a way to be a business owner too. A franchise owner also doesn't need to devote as much time to set up the new business enterprise. The very first and most significant thing you can do in order to receive your academic (and general) life together is to find, get, and remain committed to a planning system which works for you. Just like you would like to earn a very good first impression on a date, you would like to earn a decent first impression with the material. At the close of the day, the men get the byline (and, obviously, the public's acknowledgment) even in case the women did the majority of the reporting. The larger The demand for a scenario, the greater its rank. Determine whether the business is going to be a service or merchandising company. Nonetheless, the internationalization procedure is very complicated and varies depending on the kind of company and location. The organization is now accepting orders. Buying a business which is already operating is the third approach to develop into a business proprietor.

Mtv As The Dominant Music Video Outlet Essay Example For Students

Mtv As The Dominant Music Video Outlet Essay Music Television, a basic cable service known by its acronym MTV, remains the dominant music video outlet utilizing effective marketing and competitive business practices throughout its nineteen year history. The creation of the I Want My MTV marketing campaign and use of the campaign throughout the 1980s helped the cable outlet secure a substantial subscriber base. MTV dealt with competition from cable mogul Ted Turners Cable Music Channel by creating a fighting brand, sister cable service VH-1, along with facing challenges by numerous other music video programming services. Through exclusivity agreements with record labels for music videos and limiting access to cable systems owned by MTVs parent company, MTV exercised anticompetitive and monopolistic means to fend off competition. From its launch, MTV successfully applied these marketing and competitive business practices. The board of the Warner AMEX Satellite Entertainment Company (WASEC), a partnership between Warner Communica tions and American Express, gave approval in mid-January 1981 for the creation of a cable service that would broadcast music videos . Music videos, song length visual depictions used in the promotion of a musical acts latest release, were already popular on European television since the mid 1970s. A deadline of August 1, 1981 was set for the launch of this new cable service as programs featuring music videos were beginning to appear on cable outlets such as Home Box Office and USA Network. The set-up and programming of the entire operation was to be established in approximately six-and-a-half months. Bob Pittman, a WASEC programming executive with a background in radio, wanted to ensure the new music video outlet delivered programming that appealed to its target audience of twelve to thirty-four-year-olds. This age demographic was both desirable and difficult for advertisers to reach as young adults typically did not watch much of what television offered at the time. He determined that, with little exception, the cable service would have no distinguishable programs. Video upon video would be presented by on-air personalities dubbed video jockeys, veejays for short, who would also provide entertainment news and conduct artist interviews. The absence of scheduled programming was, as stated by Tom McGrath in MTV: The Making of a Revolution, a radical notion as regularly scheduled programs were the norm on American television up to this point. Programming the new music video outlet in this manner made it as familiar as format commercial radio, while presenting it using the medium of television, to its young target audience. The name of the new music video cable service began as TV-1, a name that Bob Pittman felt fit the youthful arrogance the channel embraced. With little support for the name from other WASEC executives, an M representing music replaced the 1 in the name. The name eventually evolved into MTV, Music Television. With a name chosen for the new cable outlet, Fred Seibert, the Director of On-Air Promotion, was charged with commissioning a logo for MTV. Manhattan Design, the studio hired by Seibert, eventually developed the logo still used by the channel today: a large block M with a small TV that looks spray painted on. Many in Sales and Marketing at WASEC thought the logo left much to be desired, with one executive asking Seibert if he thought it would endure as long as the CBS eye. Almost two decades later, the MTV logo is arguably one of the most recognizable pop culture icons. A video of the Buggles Video Killed the Radio Star marked the launch of MTV at 12:01 AM August 1, 1981. Jack Banks notes in Monopoly Television: MTVs Quest to Control the Music that at the start, the music video channel was available in 2.1 million homes and was not offered in either New York City or Los Angeles. The absence of MTV from cable systems in these two cities presented several problems for the new cable outlet. The amount of available advertising time sold, only thirty percent at the channels launch, did not seem likely to increase without advertising executives able to see MTV. National media coverage of the new music video channel was also lacking its start-up, with the exception of one reporter from the Los Angeles Times. An effective marketing campaign would be developed in the next several years that would increase customer demand for MTV, increasing the number of subscribers. Essay on The Columbian Exchange On The New And Old Worlds EssayMTV achieved its dominance as a music video outlet utilizing effective marketing and competitive business practices since its inception. The I Want My MTV campaign and use of the campaign throughout the 1980s is one example of the cable outlets use of effective marketing technique. MTVs business strategy ended competition from cable mogul Ted Turners Cable Music Channel through the creation of a fighting brand, along with facing challenges by numerous other music video programming services. Exclusivity agreements with record labels for music videos and by limiting access to cable systems, MTV effectively exercised anticompetitive and monopolistic means to fend off competition. McGrath, Tom. MTV: The Making of a Revolution. (Pennsylvania: Running, 1996), p. 124. Ibid., p. 18-19, 42-43. Ibid., p. 27. Ibid., p. 45-46. Banks, Jack. Monopoly Television: MTVs Quest to Control the Music. (Colorado: Westview, 1996), p.32. McGrath, Tom. MTV: The Making of a Revolution. (Pennsylvania: Running, 1996), p. 47. Ibid., p. 53. Ibid., p. 47. Ibid., p. 48. Ibid., p. 48. Ibid., p. 50. Banks, Jack. Monopoly Television: MTVs Quest to Control the Music. (Colorado: Westview, 1996), p. 34. McGrath, Tom. MTV: The Making of a Revolution. (Pennsylvania: Running, 1996), p. 62-63. Ibid., p. 80. Ibid., p. 80. Ibid., p. 81. Ibid., p. 81. Ibid., p88. Ibid., p. 88-89. Ibid., p. 89. Ibid., p. 124. Ibid., p. 124. Ibid., p. 125. Ibid., p. 125, 129. Ibid., p. 129. Ted Turner Turns off the Music. The Economist. 8 December 1984: 77. Ibid. Ibid. Ibid. Denisoff, R. Serge. Inside MTV. (New Jersey: Transaction, 1988), p. 155. Ibid., p. 155. Ibid., p. 155. Ibid., p. 156. Film and Cinema

The Necessity of Upholding Liberal Beliefs an Example of the Topic History Essays by

The Necessity of Upholding Liberal Beliefs by Expert Prof. Maryline | 22 Dec 2016 The Necessity of Upholding Liberal Beliefs for the Adherence to Liberal Institutions: Analysis of John Rawls A Theory of Justice Adherence to a liberal outlook is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for the adherence to liberal institutions (Barry, 1990, p.11). The reason for such a claim is based on the lack of logical relation between liberal ideas and the support for liberal institutions (Barry, 1990, p.2). In order to understand such a claim it is necessary to present the correlation of the aforementioned elements [liberal ideas and liberal institutions]. Three main features characterize liberal institutions: (1) adherence to the harm principle [which states that people are free to act as they wish provided they do not harm others]; (2) freedom of expression; and (3) equal citizenship regardless of social class, race, or gender. Each of the aforementioned traits have corresponding characteristics within the liberal outlook. Equal citizenship coheres with the idea that no religious dogma can (be) reasonably held with certainty (Barry, 1990, p. 1). Freedom of expression coheres with the assumption tha t no view should be held unless it has withstood critical scrutiny (Barry, 1990, p.2). Need essay sample on "The Necessity of Upholding Liberal Beliefs" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed University Students Usually Tell EssayLab professionals:I'm not in the mood to write my paper. Because I want to spend time with my friendsSpecialists recommend: Winning Academic Essay Writing Delivered On TimeCollege Essay Writing Service My Paper Writing Best Essay Writing Service Essay Writing Services The conception of the necessity to oppose servile status, on the other hand, coheres with the idea of the necessity to uphold fundamental equality (Barry, 1990, p. 2). Analysis of the aforementioned correlation [between the characteristics of liberal ideas and the main features of liberal institutions] shows that liberal institutions antedate the prevalence of liberal attitudes (Barry 6). If such is the case, it follows that liberal attitudes were merely pragmatic outcomes of liberal institutions. In order to prove the necessity [or universality] of the adherence to liberal institutions it is thereby necessary to prove the necessity of the adherence to liberal institutions that is not based upon a liberal outlook. The possibility of such was presented by John Rawls through his version of the principle of neutrality. According to the principle of neutrality, public policy should as a matter of justice be neutral between different ideas of the good (Barry, 1990, p.6). As opposed to the historic basis [and hence pragmatic justification] of the aforementioned relation between liberal institutions and liberal beliefs, the importance of the principle of neutrality lies in its ethical justification of liberalism. Such an ethical justification is evident in John Rawls theory of distributive justice as presented and elucidated in his A Theory of Justice. Such a theory states the distribution or allocation of various resources within a set of inpiduals within society (Barry, 1990, p 7). Prima facie, the distribution of resources [to be understood as something whose deployment is a means of satisfaction of wants] is conceived as an equal one. Such a conception thereby necessitates a consideration of liberty and equality since the choice between liberty and equality brings forth issues regarding the fundame ntal notion of justice. In 1971, Rawls wrote A Theory of Justice with the aim of defending an egalitarian liberal vision of justice by adopting the social contract theory. I will mention two important aspects of Rawls theory: (1) the original position and (2) the principle of justice as fairness. In Rawls theory, the original position [like the social contract] is a thought experiment. Social contract theorists like Hobbes for instance do not contend that there was actually a corresponding historical fact to the idea of a social contract. For the most part, the social contract theory has an explanatory function that being to provide a justification for the formation of the state. In the same vein, Rawls original position has an explanatory function to explain that being what and how will we arrive at the principles of justice given that there is a veil of ignorance (1971, p.19). The veil of ignorance was employed by Rawls to mean that the parties involved are mutually disinterested since they do not know wh o they represent. The idea is actually simple. For instance, we have decided to think of a principle of social justice that we ought to apply to our society and let us say that we are generally knowledgeable on issues regarding human affairs. In addition to this, let us also say that we are not aware of our positions or whom we represent in society because of the veil of ignorance. The question to be considered is whether we will devise laws that may be called unjust. Rawls contends that under such a position inpiduals would opt for the attainment of the greatest amount of equality amongst social groups or inpiduals in general. In relation to this, one must consider the conception of justice as fairness. According to Rawls, we may arrive at two principles of justice through the original position and the veil of ignorance. A just society, as Rawls sees it, ought to assure that each citizen has an equal claim to a fully adequate scheme of equal basic rights and liberties in which the scheme is compatible with the same scheme for all (Rawls, 1971, p.156). This is the Rawls First Principle. The Second Principle must address those aspects of the basic structure that affects the distribution of opportunities, offices, income, wealth, and resources. Collectively, these are identified as social advantages. The Second Principle, according to Rawls, has two parts. In the first part of the Second Principle, Rawls contends that the social structures or institutions that mold the aforementioned distribution must satisfy the requirements of a fair equality of opportunity (1971, p.61). In the second part of the second principle, Rawls discussed the Difference Principle. In his work entitled Political Liberalism, Rawls states, social and economic inequalities are to be to the greatest benefit of the least advantaged members of society (1993, p.6). Such a conception of the correlation of justice and fairness thereby mirrors Rawls liberal orientation. For Rawls personal and civil liberties are social goods and there are occasions when certain inequalities are permissible in society. Such occasions of inequality are permissible during instances wherein the aforementioned conditions enable the least advantage classes to gain social and economic benefits. The point is that we cannot totally be equal and even if it were possible, it would lead to more losses than gains. Absolute equality is never achievable. One must now consider whether the aforementioned conception of justice [wherein priority of rights is given over the good] allows the necessity of the adherence to liberal institutions. It is important to note that the aforementioned conception is in itself based upon a liberal outlook. Note for example that neutrality [or Rawls version of distributive justice mentioned above] necessitates the assumption of a liberal outlook, which opts for value neutrality within society (Skinner, 1998, p.79). If such is the case, it thereby follows that adherence to liberal institutions necessitates the adherence to liberal beliefs. In lieu of this, I would like to end with a remark on justice in a liberal and democratic political setting. Although the aforementioned discussions leads to the initial assumption stated in the paper, it is important to note that the issue of coming up with a satisfactory account or theory of justice is a necessary condition for a society to be considered humane. True, liberal ideologies opened up new ways of looking at things, different ways of looking at things such is the thrust of John Rawls Theory of Justice. References Barry, B. (1990). How Not to Defend Liberal Institutions. British Journal of Political Science 20.1: 1-14. Rawls, J. (1971). A Theory of Justice. Harvard: Harvard University Press. Skinner, Q. (1998). Liberty Before Liberalism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Colonization and Latin America essays

Colonization and Latin America essays Do you ever wonder why some countries are poor; and why is the U.S so rich? Most Civics and History classes throughout our life as students have taught us about third-world countries. They give the explanation of why these countries are poor by saying, third-world countries have communism, theyre not industrialized, and theyre not developed. Realistically, Countries do not begin poor, but something happens to them, and something also keeps them that way. That something is colonization. Colonization is the reason why many countries around the world, particularly in Latin America, are in an extreme state of destitution. Indigent countries of Latin America are due to Colonization in early history, the effects of colonization that are still intact today, and the U.S helping to maintain these effects. Colonization dates back to thousands of years ago, when the powerful Indigenous tribe, the Aztec, existed. They proved not to be strong enough for the gold thirsty Spanish explorers. Led by Herdendaz Cortez, the Spanish troupes traveled to Mexico and captured the Aztec King and seized all of its gold. Then they killed off the rest of the Indians in the most horrible manner. To the Spanish, killing indigenous was a game. They launched babies in the air and shot them like targets. Others were gruesomely tortured with special tools. Those who survived were captured and used as slave labor. Many Priests from Spain and Portugal traveled to Mexico and created missions for the indigenous. These missions tried to violently force religion and western culture onto them. Why tamper with their way of life, when they had already established a religion and cultures of their own? The Spanish justified the mass murders of indigenous by saying They are creatures of the jungles, not human. They had no weapons or ways to fight back so they were eventually killed. Mass murders of indigenous ...

Geography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 12

Geography - Essay Example Early days lay down a foundation for a future and I think I have laid down a foundation to pursue a career in the field of geography. A geographical analyst can review the conditions of this world and evaluate as to if they are deteriorating over time or not. This can help to enlighten the world about the problems that may be unknown to them previously. I believe that I can bring a change into the world by founding a career in this field and researching on the geographical patterns that occur all around the world. The different calamities that are happening all over the world are invariably due to some changes in the geographical patterns of this world. I can thus use the power of knowledge to find out the real reasons behind the changes in the geography of this world (Sopher, 2015). Similarly during this vocation, I have gained an understanding of the deeper aspects of the subject. I believe that these deeper aspects would help me to understand geography more in the future. It can help me to build a community that is aware of the problems which might affect them as a whole. Moreover, I can use this knowledge at my workplace in the larger benefit of the whole organization. In order to succeed in life, I believe that one should be dedicated to the vocation that he is pursuing in life and I think that I have this dedication to the field of geography. I can help my family understand the deeper meanings of geography and can encourage them to create awareness about the minor things such as the use of deodorants which can get trapped in the outer layer of this earth and cause green house gases to accumulate. The reason behind choosing my vocation revolves around the betterment of this world as a whole and a success that would bring about a change in the whole world (S opher, 2015). It can be said that one needs to be focused on any vocation that he has chosen so that he can be successful in life. I believe that I have enough focus on the vocation that I

Black and white people Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Black and white people - Essay Example Booker T. Washington comes into the public spotlight for the first time to present key note speeches as a great crusader for the civilization of the Negroes. Initially the colored people thought that his driving force was anti whites crusade ,so the showed him love and cheered him with the expectation that he would curse and put deeper demonizing of the whites ,however he had surprise for all, whites and the colored ,because his ideas were clearly cemented on the need of friendship and support from both groups and the cooperation between the races. His dreams and desires were that the colored and the poor be accorded equal chance in life and that they correlate in equal measures as their white brothers and as members of a universal race. The ascendancy of Booker T. Washington came at a time when the country was recovering from war and the concentration had shifted to the development of the country’s economy and there was the sense of unknowing and hesitation on how to handle the sons of the freedmen. Mr. Washington understood the dealings of the south since his birth days and all of his actions and ideas were geared at the benefiting of the population from the south and the north in equal measure. The wisdom and love employed by the education system used by this Negro crusader left many his enemies confused and developed him and his ideas into a cult. Even though there was the development of some individuals becoming anti his ideologies and attempting all means of changing the minds of people from him, the logics and general benefits of his ideas made his work to acquire tremendous gains among the whites and the colored. Despite the threats to his popularity arising from those against his ideologies to the whites i.e. dining with President Roosevelt, Mr. Washington continued undeterred to advocate for the accommodation of one another between the northerners and the southerners. This led to his recognition in all the aspects of the world

Market analysis of Engro Corporation in Pakistan

Market analysis of Engro Corporation in Pakistan Around 45 years back from today, Mari Gas field was discovered by Esso Mobil joint venture that led to the basis of Esso Pakistan that is now popularly known as Engro Corporation. Today it is one of the largest companies operating in Pakistan with diversified operations ranging from fertilizers to polymer and has also established itself in the field of dairy products with Engro Foods. As the website says, Engro stands for energy for growth. From inception, ours is a legacy of continuous growth, new challenges and fulfilled promises. From fertilizers to dairy products, business solutions to PVC resin, power generation to commodity trade, at Engro our ambition is to become the premier Pakistani enterprise with a global reach. ENGRO FOODS: After establishing its firm footing in the chemicals and fertilizers sector, Engro decided to try its fate in the foods and came up with a spin off in the form of Engro Foods. Engro Foods Limited was officially launched as a fully owned subsidiary of Engro in 2004. Using dairy as a stepping stone to enter into the food business, the Company has established state-of-the-art processing units in Sukkur and Sahiwal, along with an ice cream production facility in Sahiwal. Top quality brands like Olpers, Olwell, Tarang, Omore and Owsum have been successfully launched under the helm of Companys dairy products. To support these brands and their highest standards of quality, Engro Foods has invested heavily in milk processing and milk collection infrastructure. (Engros website) VISION: Engro Foods vision is Elevating Consumer Delight Worldwide and the Company aims to generate a significant portion of its revenue from foreign operations. SUCCESS OF OLPERS: Olpers has had an overwhelming success ever since it entered the market. It has now become one of the leading brands in the dairy industry. When Engro foods back in 2006 decided to launch Olpers, experts were of the opinion that the brand would eventually fail considering the fact that there were established brands like Haleeb and Nestle Milk Pak. However, by the end of 2006, Olpers annual sales were of Rs. 1 billion and in 2008 the brand had 22% of the market share of worlds fourth largest milk producing country. Following factors have significantly contributed to it: Tag line Subha Bakher zindagi Ramzan campaing The World of Olpers, for example, involves reaching out to the different locations in various cities and having the housewives participate in learning and showcasing milk-based recipes. Morning shows The Olpers Consumer Relationship Party, another ongoing BTL based program, which intends to create and maintain loyalty amongst the brands users. Olpers, however, stepped into the foray by launching a massive campaign that started off with an introductory slice-of-life television commercial featuring some of the biggest stars in Pakistan. Total Quality Management (TQM): A concept that focuses on managing the total organization to deliver quality to customers. Four significant elements of TQM are employee involvement, focus on the customer, benchmarking and continuous improvement. (MANAGEMENT, DANNY SAMSON RICHARD L DAFT). Employee Involvement: Employee involvement maybe referred to as a participative strategy to engage the employees of the organization, designed to encourage employee commitment to organizational success. Employee involvement emphasizes making the employee a stakeholder in business performance through rewards systems such as gain sharing and through business education. Focus on Customers: Any business largely depends on its customers in order to flourish; therefore, customer satisfaction is a key aspect that the organizations need to take proper care of. Your company will need to outstandingly serve the customer. It may be achieved through the following: Quickly responding to customer queries. Providing information as needed Creating custom surveys to capture your customer needs Benchmarking: Benchmarking refers to the process through which organizations evaluate various aspects of their processes in relation to the best practices that are present within their own industry. They then plan to adopt these best practices in order to enhance performance. Benchmarking is a basic tool for implementation of Total Quality Management. TQM focuses on how to improve the work processes in order to get better products. And with the help of benchmarking one can measure a work process or procedure and then to set a standard and improve the processes to that standard. This would improve the effectiveness and efficiency and thus TQMs goal will be achieved Continuous Improvement: Continuous improvement is one of the four stages that are involved in TQM. It deals with the organization employing various R D techniques in order to make improvements that can lead them to be competitive in their industry. As it is said that competitiveness may only be achieved through innovation and that can only be attained through continuous R D. As most of Engros food products are milk based, therefore the Milk Procurement Department of theirs plays a pivotal role in ensuring that quality is delivered to the customers. Collection of milk from rural areas is one of the key features of the milk industry and since Olpers recognize its importance therefore, the department is responsible for regular collection of milk and to ensure the freshness of it. Moving on, in its overwhelming success, the Quality Assurance department also has played its part. There are qualified food technologists that are responsible to make sure that the end product reaches the customer with the quality that is promised and that Engro aims to deliver, thus focusing on its customers. Like any other company it was not an easy task for Engro to step in and for this it had to carry out a market research. First thing that the management noticed was that people wanted milk for all purpose and later that became Engros top priority. Moving on, Engro wanted to further expand its product varities and then came up with Owsum milk, Olwell, Tarang etc. (continuous improvement). However, to them customer feedback was particularly of great importance and hence after Olperss launch in the market, they conducted market research to obtain customer feedback. Customer feedback came as a positive sign and then Engro decided to make further investment by setting up a plant in Sahiwal. (focus on customers) Not only was it helpful for the company to determine its own standing in the market but at the same time it proved beneficial to have a measure of the competitors. The customer survey was particularly important to estimate the number of loyal customers of competing brands and also i n making decisions and drawing strategies for times to come. SWOT ANALYSIS: STRENGTHS: Engro as parent company. Good relations with farmers Customer Feedback Research Third Generation Plant- only one in Pakistan who has it, removes bacteria content effectively. WEAKNESSES: Collection of loose milk Milk collection and distribution costs OPPORTUNITIES: People switching from loose milk to Tetra pack Improving economic conditions of the country. Pakistan one of the largest milk producing countries in the world THREATS: Fierce rivalry and competition Different prices Principles of Management Survey Q1. Name: ________________________________ Q2. Gender: a) Male b) Female Q3. Age: a) 10-20yrs b) 20-30yrs c) 30-40yrs d) 40-50yrs e) 50 above Q4. Profession: a) Student b) Housewife c) Working Q5. Brand that you prefer is: a) Milk Pak b) Haleeb c) Olpers d) Pakola e) Other Q6. Reasons for your choice: _________________________________________ _________________________________________ __________________________________________ Q7. Did you prefer any other brand before switching to the current one? Yes b) No Q8. If yes, then which brand did you use earlier? ____________________ Q9. Reason(s) for switching: ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ Q10. Any recommendations that you would want to make (only in case of Olpers): ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

A Clockwork Orange by Anthony Burgess :: essays research papers

A Clockwork Orange by Anthony Burgess Anthony Burgess is a very strange author. He had a really weird vision of the future. I feel he did a great job describing his viewpoint. Anthony Burgess is not only a novelist, he also has written several plays, and even composed a few symphonies. He was born in 1917, and died in 1991. He first published "A Clockwork Orange" in the U.S. in 1962 and initially it had 20 chapters, one less than he had written. The version I read was reprinted in 1986 with that last, 21st chapter. The main character, Alex, and his three friends thought they were indestructible. All they did every night was go around picking fights, drinking, and stealing. One night his friends sold him out and beat him up, leaving him to get caught by the police. Alex was wanted for many crimes that he had committed but they had never caught him before. After 2 years of jail they gave Alex the option to have an experimental treatment to get him out of jail early. The treatment was that they had to pump Alex full of drugs and show him movies of bad things to make him feel sick when he thought of committing illegal crimes. They released him after the treatment, only to get beat up even worse by his old enemies. He was put back into the hospital, they realized what they had done was wrong, and they changed him back to normal. The time period the book was written in is 2010, which was very far in the future in 1962. The author must have thought that the world would have changed a lot more than it has because the world he wrote about is very different than how it really is and will be by 2010. Burgess wrote this book in a futuristic language he thought would fit the time period. The book was pretty hard to figure out at first because of this, but by using context clues it became easier after the first chapter.

Angostura Aromatic Bitters’ marketing plan Essay

1. Executive Summary 1.1 Synopsis of the Situation The history of Angostura aromatic bitters approaches the year of 1822, when a cholera epidemic whipped the population of Angostura in Venezuela, when the young doctor Johann Gottlieb Benjamin Siegert created a somewhat bitter medicine, quite unusual taste, but of proven volatilities effectively relieve the stomach of his many patients. This potion was composed of over 25 botanicals in abundant natural reserves of these tropical lands, including fruits, roots, herbs seeds, bark, and a  good amount of ingredients whose name and proportion remain, even today, in the strictest secrecy. In 1830 a distillery installed and did not take long to become famous on the continent, winning the gold medal at the World Exhibition in Vienna in 1873. After the death of Siegert in 1870, the family moved in 1875 to Trinidad and Tobago where there continues today making the Angostura aromatic bitters, preserving their behalf to keep the Venezuelan source most of their inputs to date, as well as also the peculiar label in four languages and signature of its inventor, who since then characterizes it. Its initial use was to relieve some stomach ailments. But some additional benefits subsequently discovered is that the strengthened the taste of certain foods and cocktails preparations, which made time disappear from kits home and hospital to become a common ingredient in bars and kitchens around the world . Today is a precious ingredient in the preparation of cocktails and is also used as a seasoning for soups and sauces. Drops of Angostura aromatic bitters is sold in small bottles of 100 cc and 200 cc, the most famous and popular brand Angostura aromatic bitters. Usually drops in drinks (G & T, Mojito, Cuba Libre, Pisco sour), classic cocktails like the Manhattan, Champagne Cocktail, etc. used and refreshments as LLB – (Lemon Lime & Bitters) or â€Å"Fantasia† Rock Shandy, The Chapman, The Gunner. Currently in the Colombian market there is not drop bitters, there are national essences bitter which are manufactured by CONDICOM and Productos El Bosque, which make the basic condiments for cooking. These national essences bitter have an alcohol content of 3 degrees, which makes you need to use a larger amount of product per cocktail or preparation, unlike drops Angostura aromatic bitters which have an alcohol content of 44.7 degrees making them stronger and with 2 or 3 drops per cocktail is enough to make the mixture,  not only because of its alcohol content but the strong flavor of the merged its ingredients. The category of biters brings sustainable growth in the global market of 4.7% in the last 5 years (Source: International Wine & Spirit Research). Angostura is still the leader in this category of bitter. 1.2 Key aspects of the marketing plan We want to be the exclusive distributor of Angostura aromatic bitters in Colombia. For this reason, we have to import the product, market and build brand image of â€Å"Drops of Angostura aromatic bitters† in the country. Also, position the product as a reference category. The key factors of this marketing plan are: Comply with the requirements of law, such as trademark registration and authorization. The trademark registration protects the producer (trademark owner) against any misuse of it by a third; this register is valid for 10 years. The health record is the guarantee that emits a government institution, which certifies that a product is fit for human consumption. Segment drops Angostura aromatic bitters into two distribution channels, which would be the ON-PREMISE (hotels, restaurants, coffee shops and bars) and OFF-PREMISE big retail channel. Define the cities in which the product and the strategic trade partners (sub-distributors) through which will be sell. Define the selling price to the various distribution channels which through which we will reach the consumer. Develop activities that generate image and brand recall, such as trainings, competitions of cocktails, sponsor cocktails menu, accompanied by free-press training in each activity. 2. Environmental analysis Colombia is a country with a population of 48,321,405 people (2013 estimates, source: DANE), it is in the 28th position in the table of population composed of 183 countries and has a moderate population density of 42 inhabitants per km2. At 2013 the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Colombia recorded an increase of  4.9%, according to data provided by the DANE. Investment and consumption showed a great performance. The sectors driving growth in 2013 were: mining and quarrying (4.9%); electricity, gas and water city (4.9%); financial institutions, insurance, real estate and business services (4.6%); trade, repair services, restaurants and hotels (4.3%); Transport, storage and communication (3.1%). Source: http://es.tradingeconomics.com/colombia/gdp Colombia is the fastest growing economy in Latin America, surpassing the Pacific Alliance (Colombia, Chile, Peru and Mexico). In turn, the country ranked 15th in growth in a sample of 75 nations. Source: world bank The unemployment rate in Colombia in 2013 on an urban scale, in the 13 largest cities is 8.7 percent, the lowest since 1995. The investment rate, the percentage of GDP that the country reinvests, reached 28.4%, the highest in half a century and the second in the region. Another important fact is that the force that is moving the economy is internal. Government consumption is growing at rates of 5.7% and 4% households. Within the household consumption stand purchases of durable goods, which accelerated during the third quarter of this has to do with the better performance of income and a higher level of confidence. As for imported spirits market figures in Colombia by categories to December 2013 in boxes of 12 bottles 9 liters each one, are: Alcoholic beverage Number boxes Whisky 403,189 Vodka 66,195 Gin 20,578 Brandy and cognac 1,532 Ron 205,518 Tequila 58,413 Wine 1,178,758 2.1 Strengths and weaknesses Strengths: Recognized as #1 in the world (large gap vs. competition). High concentration and high level of alcohol, making the product more efficient. Strong price position (inelastic). Rich in heritage and legacy (royal warrant). The product is nonperishable. Angostura will continue to make a consistently high quality product that will make people’s food and drink recipes come alive. Angostura train people in the classics, as well, as the cutting edge to make them better bartenders and cooks. Angostura will no longer see itself as traditional and old-fashioned, Angostura will exhibit flare, passion and attitude, and inject a little more irreverence. In ten years from now Angostura aromatic bitters will revolutionize the cocktail industry again and Angostura will be as popular a food ingredient as Lee & Perrin’s. Angostura is one of the most iconic brands in the world. The rich, dark and mysterious liquid adds a distinguishable color and taste to all its creations (adding color and flavor to life). Weaknesses: Low visibility at point of sale (especially ON-PREMISE channel). Consumption tax payable by the category, increasing the price. 2.2 Opportunities and threats Opportunities: Currently in Colombia the food industry (food and drink) is booming, a growth in recent years and still considered one of the 4 most important gastronomic destinations in Latin America. There is no category of bitter in Colombia and would be the first brand in this category, entering with the most recognized brand in the world. Partnerships with other major spirit brands. Partnership with Pernod Ricard and Monin. Improvements made into accessing new markets. Partnership with Bartender Guilds and Associations (The Golden Service, BAR) and schools of mixology. Slow food to capitalize on opportunity.   Currently the non-alcohol cocktails are booming. Threats: In Colombia the regulation of alcohol consumption is very strong. Financial monopoly, departments control the marketing of alcoholic beverages within its territory, to authorize or prohibit the entry of such products. Changing landscape of tax structure. Parallel Trade. Currently in Colombia there are two national brands of â€Å"essences† of bitter, which are CONDICOM and Productos el Bosque. In the future when the category of bitter â€Å"drops† will be develop; international brands reach (Fees Brothers, Bitter truth, Peychaud’s, Bitter Cube, Bittermen’s). This kind product does not enough known in the Colombian market. 2.3 Current objectives and performance The current objectives are: Enter the brand in Colombia. Develop nonexistent bitters category. Create image and brand awareness to achieve the referent category in Colombia. The performance of the marketing plan will be described in the following sections. 2.4 Five forces’ Porter analysis Threat of New Entrants: Capital, economic muscle, expertise, brand, regulation, taxes. Power of Suppliers: The Angostura aromatic bitters’ business in Colombia has only one supplier who is the company who made the product. For this reason, the supplier is extremely susceptible to the demands and requirements of the market and hold very high power. Power of Buyers: The consumers of cocktails and food in Colombia are very price sensitive, but they want to taste new flavors and they are very susceptible to trends. Availability of Substitutes: The bitters drops have no substitutes, as a unique flavor enhancer with the ability to marry flavors in the preparation of all food dishes. Competitive Rivalry: the market of bitters in Colombia has two local brand competitors, but they are not concentrated bitters (drops), they are essences. 3. Marketing Strategy 3.1 Segmentation As we mentioned above, Angostura Aromatic Bitters are used to be added to the cocktails and food to create new possibilities of flavor and a whole range of new and exclusive beverages and dishes. Due to the Angostura Aromatic Bitters’ conditions as an alcoholic beverage for the Colombian market (according with the requirements from INVIMA), Angostura Aromatic Bitters has to pay a special tax. For that reason, the price is higher than the Colombian competitors. Angostura Aromatic Bitters’ segmentation is defined in the two next tables related with the consumer and business markets: Segmentation variables for Angostura Aromatic Bitters’ consumer markets Geographic region South, north, and central Colombian areas City Bogotà ¡, Cali, Medellà ­n, Barranquilla, Cartagena, Santa Marta, Pereira, Manizales, Bucaramanga Density Urban Demographic age Above 18 Gender Male and female Religion All. The product has a kosher certification Social class Middle, upper middle and upper classes Behavioral occasions Regular and special occasions Segmentation variables for Angostura Aromatic Bitters’ business markets Demographic Hotels, restaurants, bars, coffee shops It does not matter the size Located in major cities in Colombia Operating variables Customer who use to drink cocktails and gastronomy Purchasing approaches Hotels, restaurants, bars and coffee shops who wants to be different, to supply a different and new cocktails age, to offer to their customers a high quality alcohol and non-alcohol beverages. Situational factors We focus either on large or small orders Personal characteristics We want to serve whatever hotels, restaurants, bars and coffee shops (ON PREMISE) and big retailers (OFF-PREMISE) 3.2 Target Market According with the segmentation, the Angostura Aromatic Bitters ´ targets are  the main and representative hotels, restaurants, coffee shops and bars, from the main Colombian cities, who serves the middle, upper middle and upper classes of the population who are above 18 years (the minimum Colombian age to be permitted to a people to drink an alcohol beverage). 3.3 Positioning (Value Proposition) Angostura Aromatic Bitters will position itself as the premier and unique enhanced flavor to non-alcohol and alcohol cocktail and food. This positioning will be achieved by leveraging Angostura Aromatic Bitters’ competitive edge: industry experience, innovation possibility and high quality. Angostura Aromatic Bitters is a high quality product produced for people who wants to have a new flavor experience related with a non-alcohol and alcohol beverages (new cocktails age) and food. The Angostura Aromatic Bitters’ company is able to use its vast experience and personal passion to create a high quality product to develop innovative and new flavored food and cocktails, for the whole cocktails drinkers and people who want to live a new experience about their food. 4. Marketing Programs 4.1 Product Respected and recognized as the leader in aromatic bitters worldwide; no bar or kitchen is complete without it. Angostura Aromatic Bitters is a high quality product produced from alcohol and many others aromatic plants. Unique flavor enhancer (seasoning) for the preparation of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages, as well as, any savory or sweet food dishes. Sodium and Gluten-Free. Exported to 150 countries worldwide. Kosher Certified. Tempers the acidity of citrus ingredients for individuals who are acid sensitive (also explains why Angostura aromatic bitters can settle the stomach). Classified as a food ingredient in many countries (in Colombia is  classified as an alcohol beverage). Although the product contains 44.7% alcohol by volume, each drop contains an insignificant amount of alcohol and therefore remains non-alcoholic. 100% Vegan. Because is more concentrated than the competition product, Angostura aromatic bitters yields more and their cost – benefit relationship is higher. Through these features, we want to develop and add value to the Angostura Aromatic Bitters’ consumers and the brand, in order to be successful in Colombia as the product has had successfully in the world. The price of the Angostura Aromatic Bitters make possible to generate revenues to all the different actors involved in the production and distribution chain. 4.2 Pricing Although the price of the Angostura Aromatic Bitters is higher than the Colombian competence, because of the taxes and importation costs, their cost – benefit relationship is higher: Product Volume per bottle Alcohol by volume Drops per bottle Drops per cocktail Cocktails per bottle USD per botle USD per cocktail Angostura aromatic bitters 100 cm3 44.7% 180 2 90 11.4 0.13 Colombian essences bitters 148 cm3 3% 266.4 15 18 5 0.28 The product price is favorable for the dealers allowing them to have a very attractive profit margin: 100 cm3 bottle USD Revenues % of price Selling Price from producer to distributor 3.6 Distributor final price after import and taxes 4.5 0.9 25% Selling price distributor to allied distributors 8.2 3.7 82% Selling price allied distributors to final consumer 11.4 3.2 39% 4.3 Promotion Use the original Angostura aromatic bitters’ webpage to show what the product is and several recipes. Create a viral marketing using Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest to show the product. Using the mixologist’s network to develop the brand and product’s uses. Create Youtube videos in order to massify the recipes that used the Angostura aromatic bitters. Create  cellular phones applications (android and iphone) to widespread the access to the people to the product and its uses. Make a cross marketing between hotels, bars, coffee shops and restaurants and all the places where the product will sell, in order to the people knows the benefits and they can learn how they can use the Angostura aromatic bitters. Create contests in each city to involve consumers highlighting their creativity to make new cocktails using Angostura aromatic bitters. The bars, hotels, coffee shops and restaurants would make the winner’s cocktail available, on drinks menu for duration of contest, the winners will be adjudged via customer sales for cocktail. The winners will participate in a national contest to be the Colombian winner and take the chance to go to the â€Å"Legends of the Cocktail† World Tour. Create learning and e-learning courses to teach people the uses of the product. Involve the use of the product in TV specialized food and beverage shows (free-press). Make free samples to the launch time, in order to distribute it across the main restaurants, hotels, coffee shops and bars in each main city of Colombia, to create product recognition. Through these ways of promoting the Angostura aromatic bitters, we want to get consumers massively to become familiar with the product and its uses. 4.4 Distribution The Angostura aromatic bitters will have the next logistics to make the distribution: 1. The company sells us the product directly from their manufacturing plant located at Trinidad and Tobago. 2. We import the product to our warehouse located in Cali – Colombia. 3. We will have one distributor for each main city in Colombia. 4. The selling will be doing by internet, by phone and by visit directly to the client. The dispatching will be centralized from our main warehouse and with the application system help, the product will be send to each regional distributor in order to be dispatched to each client. 5. The main clients will be the restaurants, hotels, coffee shops and bars located in middle and high income areas of each mains Colombian cities. 6. We will sell the product in selected big retail chains and in wine and spirits specialized stores. 5. Evaluation and control 5.1 Performance measures Our strategic objectives are: Expand the distribution by placing products in: 50 retail stores (OFF-PREMISE) 15 wine and spirits specialized stores (OFF-PREMISE) 1,400 on the ON-PREMISE nationwide. Sale of 80% of first import at year 2015 (4,896 bottles during the year). We will evaluate our marketing plan according with this metrics, also external and internal: External metrics Metric Measure Market share per volume Angostura aromatic bitter volume of bottles sold versus total bottles of essences bitters sold Market share per value Angostura aromatic bitter total USD sold versus total USD of essences bitters sold Market share per customers Angostura aromatic bitter total customers versus total bitters’ customers Consumer satisfaction Surveys results from 90% of total Angostura aromatic bitter’ customer (hotels, restaurants, bars) Loyalty Percentage of customers who changed to the competitors Distribution Percentage of customers who received on time and full the deliver Learning Number of courses dictated Internal metrics Metric Measure Financial goals Percentage of financial goals accomplish by period Employee satisfaction Internal survey results Skill levels Knowledge about the product and its uses Learning Number of new learning and e-learning course created. Recipes Number of new recipes created. 5.2 Evaluation procedures The evaluation procedures we will do to do the performance measures are: Surveys Direct customer and channels control visits Statistical beverages consumer Statistical sells Statistics presence of the product in customers.

What Is Judicial Restraint Definition and Examples

Judicial restraint is a legal term that describes a type of judicial interpretation that emphasizes the limited nature of the courts power. Judicial restraint asks judges to base their decisions solely on the concept of  stare decisis, an obligation of the court to honor previous decisions. The Concept of Stare Decisis This term is more commonly known  as precedent. Whether youve had experiences in court or youve seen it on television, attorneys often fall back on precedents in their arguments to the court. If Judge X ruled in such and such a way in 1973, the current judge should certainly take that into consideration and rule that way as well. The legal term stare decisis means to stand by things decided in Latin.   Judges often refer to this concept as well when theyre explaining their findings, as if to say, You may not like this decision, but Im not the first to reach this conclusion. Even  Supreme Court  justices have been known to rely on the idea of stare decisis.   Of course, critics argue that just because a court has decided in a certain  way in the past, it doesnt necessarily follow that that decision was correct. Former Chief Justice William Rehnquist once said that state ​decisis is not an inexorable command. Judges and justices are slow to ignore precedent regardless.  According to  Time Magazine,  William Rehnquist  also held himself out as an apostle of judicial restraint. The Correlation With Judicial Restraint Judicial restraint offers very little leeway from stare decisis, and conservative judges often employ both when deciding cases unless the law is clearly unconstitutional. The concept of judicial restraint applies most commonly at the Supreme Court level. This is the court that has the power to repeal or wipe out laws that for one reason or another have not stood the test of time and are no longer workable, fair or constitutional. These decisions all come down to each justices interpretation of the law and can be a matter of opinion, which is where judicial restraint comes in. When in doubt, dont change anything. Stick with precedents and existing interpretations. Do not strike down a law that previous courts have upheld before.   Judicial Restraint vs. Judicial Activism Judicial restraint is the opposite of judicial activism in that it seeks to limit the power of judges to create new laws or policy.  Judicial activism  implies that a judge is falling back more on his personal interpretation of a law than on precedent. He allows his own personal perceptions to bleed into his decisions.   In most cases, the judicially restrained judge will decide a case  in such a way as to uphold the law established by Congress. Jurists who practice judicial restraint show solemn respect for the separation of governmental problems.  Strict constructionism is one type of legal philosophy espoused by judicially restrained judges.